fix: robust author resolution for like/boost with URL pattern fallback

When lookupObject fails (Authorized Fetch, network issues) and the post
isn't in ap_timeline, likes returned 404 "Could not resolve post author".

Adds shared resolveAuthor() with 3 strategies:
1. lookupObject on post URL → getAttributedTo
2. Timeline + notifications DB lookup
3. Extract author from URL pattern (/users/NAME/, /@NAME/)

Refactors like, unlike, boost controllers to use the shared helper.

lib/controllers/interactions-boost.js

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
  */
 
 import { validateToken } from "../csrf.js";
+import { resolveAuthor } from "../resolve-author.js";
 
 /**
  * POST /admin/reader/boost — send an Announce activity to followers.
@@ -66,40 +67,38 @@ export function boostController(mountPath, plugin) {
         orderingKey: url,
       });
 
-      // Also send to the original post author (signed request for Authorized Fetch)
+      // Also send directly to the original post author
-      try {
+      const documentLoader = await ctx.getDocumentLoader({
-        const documentLoader = await ctx.getDocumentLoader({
+        identifier: handle,
-          identifier: handle,
+      });
-        });
+      const { application } = request.app.locals;
-        const remoteObject = await ctx.lookupObject(new URL(url), {
+      const recipient = await resolveAuthor(
-          documentLoader,
+        url,
-        });
+        ctx,
+        documentLoader,
+        application?.collections,
+      );
 
-        if (
+      if (recipient) {
-          remoteObject &&
+        try {
-          typeof remoteObject.getAttributedTo === "function"
+          await ctx.sendActivity(
-        ) {
+            { identifier: handle },
-          const author = await remoteObject.getAttributedTo({ documentLoader });
+            recipient,
-          const recipient = Array.isArray(author) ? author[0] : author;
+            announce,
-
+            { orderingKey: url },
-          if (recipient) {
+          );
-            await ctx.sendActivity(
+          console.info(
-              { identifier: handle },
+            `[ActivityPub] Sent boost directly to ${recipient.id?.href || "author"}`,
-              recipient,
+          );
-              announce,
+        } catch (error) {
-              { orderingKey: url },
+          console.warn(
-            );
+            `[ActivityPub] Direct boost delivery to author failed:`,
-          }
+            error.message,
+          );
         }
-      } catch (error) {
-        console.warn(
-          `[ActivityPub] lookupObject failed for ${url} (boost):`,
-          error.message,
-        );
       }
 
       // Track the interaction
-      const { application } = request.app.locals;
       const interactions = application?.collections?.get("ap_interactions");
 
       if (interactions) {

lib/controllers/interactions-like.js

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
  */
 
 import { validateToken } from "../csrf.js";
+import { resolveAuthor } from "../resolve-author.js";
 
 /**
  * POST /admin/reader/like — send a Like activity to the post author.
@@ -43,57 +44,23 @@ export function likeController(mountPath, plugin) {
         { handle, publicationUrl: plugin._publicationUrl },
       );
 
-      // Use authenticated document loader for servers requiring Authorized Fetch
       const documentLoader = await ctx.getDocumentLoader({
         identifier: handle,
       });
 
-      // Resolve author for delivery — try multiple strategies
+      const { application } = request.app.locals;
-      let recipient = null;
+      const recipient = await resolveAuthor(
+        url,
+        ctx,
+        documentLoader,
+        application?.collections,
+      );
 
-      // Strategy 1: Look up remote post via Fedify (signed request)
-      try {
-        const remoteObject = await ctx.lookupObject(new URL(url), {
-          documentLoader,
-        });
-        if (remoteObject && typeof remoteObject.getAttributedTo === "function") {
-          const author = await remoteObject.getAttributedTo({ documentLoader });
-          recipient = Array.isArray(author) ? author[0] : author;
-        }
-      } catch (error) {
-        console.warn(
-          `[ActivityPub] lookupObject failed for ${url}:`,
-          error.message,
-        );
-      }
-
-      // Strategy 2: Use author URL from our timeline (already stored)
-      // Note: Timeline items store both uid (canonical AP URL) and url (display URL).
-      // The card passes the display URL, so we search by both fields.
       if (!recipient) {
-        const { application } = request.app.locals;
+        return response.status(404).json({
-        const ap_timeline = application?.collections?.get("ap_timeline");
+          success: false,
-        const timelineItem = ap_timeline
+          error: "Could not resolve post author",
-          ? await ap_timeline.findOne({ $or: [{ uid: url }, { url }] })
+        });
-          : null;
-        const authorUrl = timelineItem?.author?.url;
-
-        if (authorUrl) {
-          try {
-            recipient = await ctx.lookupObject(new URL(authorUrl), {
-              documentLoader,
-            });
-          } catch {
-            // Could not resolve author actor either
-          }
-        }
-
-        if (!recipient) {
-          return response.status(404).json({
-            success: false,
-            error: "Could not resolve post author",
-          });
-        }
       }
 
       // Generate a unique activity ID
@@ -113,7 +80,6 @@ export function likeController(mountPath, plugin) {
       });
 
       // Track the interaction for undo
-      const { application } = request.app.locals;
       const interactions = application?.collections?.get("ap_interactions");
 
       if (interactions) {
@@ -200,46 +166,16 @@ export function unlikeController(mountPath, plugin) {
         { handle, publicationUrl: plugin._publicationUrl },
       );
 
-      // Use authenticated document loader for servers requiring Authorized Fetch
       const documentLoader = await ctx.getDocumentLoader({
         identifier: handle,
       });
 
-      // Resolve the recipient — try remote first, then timeline fallback
+      const recipient = await resolveAuthor(
-      let recipient = null;
+        url,
-
+        ctx,
-      try {
+        documentLoader,
-        const remoteObject = await ctx.lookupObject(new URL(url), {
+        application?.collections,
-          documentLoader,
+      );
-        });
-        if (remoteObject && typeof remoteObject.getAttributedTo === "function") {
-          const author = await remoteObject.getAttributedTo({ documentLoader });
-          recipient = Array.isArray(author) ? author[0] : author;
-        }
-      } catch (error) {
-        console.warn(
-          `[ActivityPub] lookupObject failed for ${url} (unlike):`,
-          error.message,
-        );
-      }
-
-      if (!recipient) {
-        const ap_timeline = application?.collections?.get("ap_timeline");
-        const timelineItem = ap_timeline
-          ? await ap_timeline.findOne({ $or: [{ uid: url }, { url }] })
-          : null;
-        const authorUrl = timelineItem?.author?.url;
-
-        if (authorUrl) {
-          try {
-            recipient = await ctx.lookupObject(new URL(authorUrl), {
-              documentLoader,
-            });
-          } catch {
-            // Could not resolve — will proceed to cleanup
-          }
-        }
-      }
 
       if (!recipient) {
         // Clean up the local record even if we can't send Undo

lib/resolve-author.js

@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+/**
+ * Multi-strategy author resolution for interaction delivery.
+ *
+ * Resolves a post URL to the author's Actor object so that Like, Announce,
+ * and other activities can be delivered to the correct inbox.
+ *
+ * Strategies (tried in order):
+ * 1. lookupObject on post URL → getAttributedTo
+ * 2. Timeline/notification DB lookup → lookupObject on stored author URL
+ * 3. Extract author URL from post URL pattern → lookupObject
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Extract a probable author URL from a post URL using common fediverse patterns.
+ *
+ * @param {string} postUrl - The post URL
+ * @returns {string|null} - Author URL or null
+ *
+ * Patterns matched:
+ *   https://instance/users/USERNAME/statuses/ID  → https://instance/users/USERNAME
+ *   https://instance/@USERNAME/ID                → https://instance/users/USERNAME
+ *   https://instance/p/USERNAME/ID               → https://instance/users/USERNAME  (Pixelfed)
+ *   https://instance/notice/ID                   → null (no username in URL)
+ */
+export function extractAuthorUrl(postUrl) {
+  try {
+    const parsed = new URL(postUrl);
+    const path = parsed.pathname;
+
+    // /users/USERNAME/statuses/ID — Mastodon, GoToSocial, Akkoma canonical
+    const usersMatch = path.match(/^\/users\/([^/]+)\//);
+    if (usersMatch) {
+      return `${parsed.origin}/users/${usersMatch[1]}`;
+    }
+
+    // /@USERNAME/ID — Mastodon display URL
+    const atMatch = path.match(/^\/@([^/]+)\/\d/);
+    if (atMatch) {
+      return `${parsed.origin}/users/${atMatch[1]}`;
+    }
+
+    // /p/USERNAME/ID — Pixelfed
+    const pixelfedMatch = path.match(/^\/p\/([^/]+)\/\d/);
+    if (pixelfedMatch) {
+      return `${parsed.origin}/users/${pixelfedMatch[1]}`;
+    }
+
+    return null;
+  } catch {
+    return null;
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Resolve the author Actor for a given post URL.
+ *
+ * @param {string} postUrl - The post URL to resolve the author for
+ * @param {object} ctx - Fedify context
+ * @param {object} documentLoader - Authenticated document loader
+ * @param {object} [collections] - Optional MongoDB collections map (application.collections)
+ * @returns {Promise<object|null>} - Fedify Actor object or null
+ */
+export async function resolveAuthor(
+  postUrl,
+  ctx,
+  documentLoader,
+  collections,
+) {
+  // Strategy 1: Look up remote post via Fedify (signed request)
+  try {
+    const remoteObject = await ctx.lookupObject(new URL(postUrl), {
+      documentLoader,
+    });
+    if (remoteObject && typeof remoteObject.getAttributedTo === "function") {
+      const author = await remoteObject.getAttributedTo({ documentLoader });
+      const recipient = Array.isArray(author) ? author[0] : author;
+      if (recipient) {
+        console.info(
+          `[ActivityPub] Resolved author via lookupObject for ${postUrl}`,
+        );
+        return recipient;
+      }
+    }
+  } catch (error) {
+    console.warn(
+      `[ActivityPub] lookupObject failed for ${postUrl}:`,
+      error.message,
+    );
+  }
+
+  // Strategy 2: Use author URL from timeline or notifications
+  if (collections) {
+    const ap_timeline = collections.get("ap_timeline");
+    const ap_notifications = collections.get("ap_notifications");
+
+    // Search timeline by both uid (canonical) and url (display)
+    let authorUrl = null;
+    if (ap_timeline) {
+      const item = await ap_timeline.findOne({
+        $or: [{ uid: postUrl }, { url: postUrl }],
+      });
+      authorUrl = item?.author?.url;
+    }
+
+    // Fall back to notifications if not in timeline
+    if (!authorUrl && ap_notifications) {
+      const notif = await ap_notifications.findOne({
+        $or: [{ objectUrl: postUrl }, { targetUrl: postUrl }],
+      });
+      authorUrl = notif?.actorUrl;
+    }
+
+    if (authorUrl) {
+      try {
+        const actor = await ctx.lookupObject(new URL(authorUrl), {
+          documentLoader,
+        });
+        if (actor) {
+          console.info(
+            `[ActivityPub] Resolved author via DB for ${postUrl} → ${authorUrl}`,
+          );
+          return actor;
+        }
+      } catch (error) {
+        console.warn(
+          `[ActivityPub] lookupObject failed for author ${authorUrl}:`,
+          error.message,
+        );
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Strategy 3: Extract author URL from post URL pattern
+  const extractedUrl = extractAuthorUrl(postUrl);
+  if (extractedUrl) {
+    try {
+      const actor = await ctx.lookupObject(new URL(extractedUrl), {
+        documentLoader,
+      });
+      if (actor) {
+        console.info(
+          `[ActivityPub] Resolved author via URL pattern for ${postUrl} → ${extractedUrl}`,
+        );
+        return actor;
+      }
+    } catch (error) {
+      console.warn(
+        `[ActivityPub] lookupObject failed for extracted author ${extractedUrl}:`,
+        error.message,
+      );
+    }
+  }
+
+  console.warn(`[ActivityPub] All author resolution strategies failed for ${postUrl}`);
+  return null;
+}

package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@rmdes/indiekit-endpoint-activitypub",
-  "version": "2.0.7",
+  "version": "2.0.8",
   "description": "ActivityPub federation endpoint for Indiekit via Fedify. Adds full fediverse support: actor, inbox, outbox, followers, following, syndication, and Mastodon migration.",
   "keywords": [
     "indiekit",